Research

Spin Chemistry for Quantum Applications

Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance

Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) serves as a highly sensitive technique for probing unpaired electronic spin states, such as triplet states, within molecular structures. The technique can be thought of as a pump-push-probe measurement that uses an optical pump, followed by a radio or microwave push, and lastly an optical read out (often photoluminescence but also includes absorption). By detecting the change in the optical readout as a function of driving magnetic resonance between spin sublevels, ODMR provides a nuanced view of molecular interactions and dynamics, even in complex settings like spin qubit. Additionally, ODMR’s sensitivity often beats that of other spin measurements, like electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), for optically-addressable systems making it a fantastic readout instrument for quantum sensing applications. Check out this resource: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pnmrs.2022.12.001

Dual-comb Spectroscopy

A frequency comb is a precise optical tool characterized by a spectrum of discrete, equally spaced frequency lines, resembling the teeth of a comb. Generated by sources like mode-locked lasers, these combs offer coherence, high spectral resolution, and broad bandwidth, making them ideal for applications requiring exact frequency measurements, such as high-resolution spectroscopy. Dual-frequency comb spectroscopy (DCS) leverages two frequency combs with slightly different repetition rates to spectrally resolve the comb teeth. This method allows rapid, high-resolution spectral analysis over a broad range, without the physical constraints and limitations of traditional spectrometers. This technique, applicable from the visible to the terahertz range, continues to evolve, extending its reach across the spectral domain. As the underlying technology of frequency combs progresses, the potential applications of DCS are poised to broaden, promising new frontiers in precision spectroscopy and related fields. Check out this resource: https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.3.000414

wo circles containing separate but related representations. The top left circle shows a qubit attached to the structure of a carbon nanotube. The borrom right circle shows a molecular diagram of a specific kind of synthetic qubit.

Synthetic Qubits

Synthetically derived quantum bits (qubits), such as molecular qubits and carbon nanotube color centers, represent a promising avenue in the pursuit of quantum information technology. In this area, we are dedicated to unraveling the chemical physics surrounding these qubits to advance our fundamental understanding of quantum mechanics and materials science. Our research is driven by a desire to explore the limits of synthetically derived qubits and uncover the intricate relationship between their quantum behaviors and chemical properties. By employing cutting-edge techniques, we aim to shed light on the underlying physics governing the interactions of these qubits with themselves and their environment. By pushing the boundaries of our understanding, we hope to lay the groundwork for future breakthroughs in quantum information technology. Our research endeavors not only contribute to the advancement of quantum science but also hold the potential to catalyze the transition of quantum information technology from the laboratory to practical applications in the real world.

Two circles containing separate but related representations. The bottom right circle shows a qubit smaller inside a human cell, about the size of the organelles in the cell. The top right circle shows qubits aligning to a type of field.

Quantum Sensing

Quantum sensing represents a cutting-edge approach to measurement and detection, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics to achieve unparalleled sensitivity and precision. The Earley Lab aims to be at the forefront of quantum sensing research, harnessing the unique properties of synthetically derived qubits, as well as other qubit architectures, to push the boundaries of detection capabilities. By harnessing the delicate superposition states of qubits, we aim to revolutionize sensing across various domains, including biomedical diagnostics, environmental monitoring, and materials characterization. Through our interdisciplinary research efforts, we strive to unlock new avenues for quantum sensing, advancing our ability to probe and understand the world at the smallest scales.

Two circles containing separate but related representations. The top left circle shows a qubit sensing CO2 molecules in an H2 solution. The bottom right circle shows a qubit sensing a single cancer cell among many healthy cells.

Quantum Detection

Quantum detection, represents our engineering-focused approach to developing quantum sensors for the identification (detection) of entities at the quantum level. Unlike quantum sensing, which primarily uses qubits to study their environments, quantum detection aims to engineer sensors capable of detecting specific substances or phenomena with high sensitivity and accuracy. The Earley Lab seeks to leverage the principles of quantum mechanics to design and fabricate advanced sensors for a variety of applications. Our focus includes the development of sensors capable of detecting low concentrations of disease markers for early-stage disease detection, as well as sensors for hydrogen detection and quantification and pollutant detection in environmental monitoring. Through our interdisciplinary approach, combining expertise in quantum chemistry, materials science, and engineering, we hope to push the boundaries of quantum detection technology, they aim to address real-world challenges and make a positive impact on society.

Two circles containing separate but related representations. The bottom left circle shows dual-combe resolution. The top right circle shows molecules in a type of field.

Novel Dual Comb Applications

Dual comb spectroscopy offers unparalleled frequency resolution compared to other conventional techniques, making it a powerful tool for precise chemical analysis. While dual comb spectroscopy is prevalent in physics, the Earley Lab is on a mission to identify innovative uses of this technique in the areas of chemistry and biochemistry. At the forefront of this research, the Earley Lab explores novel applications of dual comb spectroscopy to address key challenges in chemical research. Areas of interest include near-infrared difference spectroscopy of proteins, enabling detailed analysis of molecular structure and dynamics with unprecedented accuracy, as well as chirality spectroscopy for the detection and characterization of chiral molecules. Additionally, we investigate broadband cavity-enhanced spectroscopy, leveraging dual comb spectroscopy for high-resolution spectral measurements across a broad range of wavelengths. Through this work we hope to expand the horizons of dual comb spectroscopy and unlock its full potential for chemical research, driving innovation in diverse fields ranging from materials science to biochemistry.